Beat the Heat: Essential Tips to Prevent Heat Exhaustion & Heat Stroke

Summer has officially arrived. While that can mean lots of fun in the sun, exposure to high temperatures and high humidity, along with strenuous physical activity, carry the threat of developing heat-related illnesses, ranging from mild to severe.

Avoid heat-related illnesses

Prevention is key. Proper planning can make outdoor activities safer and more fun. Follow these safety tips during hot weather to avoid heat-related illnesses:

• Stay hydrated, bring extra water
• Avoid alcohol and caffeine as they can cause dehydration
• Wear lightweight clothes and dress in layers
• Wear sunscreen
• Wear a sun hat
• Stay out of the sun and find shade
• Try not to be too active during peak hours (10 a.m.-4 p.m.) when UV rays are strongest
• Take frequent breaks if you need to work in the heat

The two most serious heat-related illnesses are heat exhaustion and heat stroke.

Symptoms of heat exhaustion

Heat exhaustion is the body’s response to an excessive loss of water and salt, usually through heavy sweating. Symptoms may start suddenly or progress over time. It is more likely to affect the elderly and people with high blood pressure.

Symptoms include:

• Body temperature ranging from 101-104 degrees Fahrenheit
• Dizziness
• Weakness
• Headache
• Nausea
• Thirst
• Heavy sweating
• Decreased urine output

If you are experiencing these symptoms, or notice someone exhibiting these symptoms, take the following steps:

• Move into the shade or go into an air-conditioned building or car
• Take off extra clothing
• Slowly drink water or a sports drink
• Spray yourself with cool water and sit in front of a fan
• Place a cold pack or cool cloth on your neck, armpits and groin
• Take a cool shower or bath
• Seek medical help if symptoms don’t improve
  
  

Symptoms of heat stroke

Heat stroke is a life-threatening condition that can happen when a person’s body gets too hot and their body can no longer control its temperature. The sweating mechanism fails and the body is unable to cool down. It is more likely to affect older people, people who have health problems, young children and babies.

Symptoms include:

• Body temperature above 104 degrees Fahrenheit
• Confusion or trouble thinking clearly
• Slurred speech
• Hallucinations
• Trouble walking
• Seizures
• Passing out
• Fast breathing or fast heart rate
• Vomiting or diarrhea

Seek medical help immediately if heat stroke is suspected. Heat stroke can cause damage to the brain, heart, kidneys and muscles, which can result in permanent disability or death. The Emergency Services Department at Firelands Regional Medical Center is dedicated to providing the fastest and highest-quality emergency care.